NFT’s (Non-fungible Token) 不可替代代币

Let us start at the deepest end of the spectrum - a read of the following article from ArtMeta.io. Do not worry if the article does not make sense for the moment. We shall unravel such a mystery of “non-fungible tokens” or “NFT” later on, OK?

让我们从最深的一端开始——阅读来自 ArtMeta.io 的以下文章。如果文章暂时没有意义，请不要担心。稍后我们将揭开“不可替代代币”或“NFT”的神秘面纱，好吗？

Article Starts Here: crypto dot com 的文章从这里开始

Alissa Alekseeva Of ArtMeta.io Interview With Adryenn Ashley Of CryptoDaily

in NFT  —   April 18, 2022

by Crypto Daily https://cryptodaily.co.uk/2022/04/alissa-alekseeva-of-artmetaio-interview-with-adryenn-ashley-of-cryptodaily

ArtMeta.io 的 Alissa Alekseeva 采访 CryptoDaily 的 Adryenn Ashley

“CryptoDaily’s Adryenn Ashley caught up with Alissa Alekseeva of ArtMeta.io at NFT LA and got a chance to understand how ArtMeta.io is transforming the fine art industry to the metaverse.

ArtMeta.io connects premier galleries and their artists with collectors in a visionary, beautifully rendered digital universe, providing a unique new paradigm for displaying and selling art.  More than a metaverse, ArtMeta is a comprehensive platform designed to give artists and galleries the tools they need to participate in the thriving NFT market.  Through these tools and its $MART token, ArtMeta unites the world of fine art and crypto, creating a viable digital economy to support them in perpetuity. Art enthusiasts will be able to experience fine art in a new and unexpected way, participate in ArtMeta hosted events and high end exhibitions, as well as purchase extremely rare NFT based artwork directly from world class art galleries and artists.

ArtMeta.io 在一个富有远见、渲染精美的数字世界中将顶级画廊及其艺术家与收藏家联系起来，为展示和销售艺术品提供了一种独特的新范式。 ArtMeta 不仅仅是一个元宇宙，它还是一个综合平台，旨在为艺术家和画廊提供参与蓬勃发展的 NFT (不可替代代币)市场所需的工具。通过这些工具及其 $MART 代币，ArtMeta 将美术和加密世界联合起来，创造了一个可行的数字经济来永久支持它们。艺术爱好者将能够以一种全新的、意想不到的方式体验美术，参加 ArtMeta 主办的活动和高端展览，以及直接从世界级的艺术画廊和艺术家那里购买极其稀有的基于 NFT (不可替代代币)的艺术品。

This is Adryenn Ashley back here again at Night Gallery with ArtMeta and I’m here with Alissa Alekseeva who is the director of marketing.  What is it like to put together a show like this transforming real world art onto the blockchain?  We’re not talking about pop-culture, we’re talking about fine art here and what is it like to create in this space something so transformative?

这是 Adryenn Ashley 与 ArtMeta 再次回到 Night Gallery，我和营销总监 Alissa Alekseeva 一起来到这里。将这样一个将现实世界的艺术转化为区块链的节目放在一起是什么感觉？我们不是在谈论流行文化，我们在这里谈论的是美术，在这个空间中创造如此具有变革性的东西是什么感觉？

Alissa: Well, I think the challenge is being how do you speak to two audiences at once, it’s the crypto audience who, you know, are really familiar with NFTs and the generative art that you spoke about before and then there’s the fine art collectors who are just getting to know what the blockchain is. So how do we speak to both audiences? And that’s been the challenge and also the exciting part about bringing those two worlds together. That’s what ArtMeta.io is. We’re really bringing those two worlds together and that’s what’s gonna happen tonight. 

Alisa: 好吧，我认为挑战在于你如何同时与两个观众交谈，加密观众，你知道，真正熟悉 NFT 和你之前谈到的生成艺术，然后是美术收藏家刚开始了解区块链是什么。那么我们如何与这两个听众交谈呢？这就是将这两个世界结合在一起的挑战，也是令人兴奋的部分。这就是 ArtMeta.io。我们真的将这两个世界结合在一起，这就是今晚将要发生的事情。

AA: I think that’s amazing, so who’s coming tonight, who do we got on tap? 

AA:我认为这太棒了，所以今晚谁来，我们要找谁？

Alissa: I don’t want to name any names, but obviously we have our sponsors and they have their guests as well that are coming. Night Gallery’s guest-list is also here. We’ll be here and also our featured artist Daniel T. Gaitor-Lomack crew, he has an incredible following so we’re excited too. Actually he’s going to be having a performance here tonight and we are also going to give out a POAP to every attendee.

Alissa:我不想说出任何名字，但显然我们有我们的赞助商，他们也有他们的客人即将到来。夜画廊的嘉宾名单也在这里。我们会在这里，还有我们的特色艺术家 Daniel T. Gaitor-Lomack 工作人员，他拥有令人难以置信的追随者，所以我们也很兴奋。实际上，他今晚将在这里演出，我们还将向每位参加者发放一份 POAP。

AA: POAP - that is Proof Of Attendance Protocol for you civilians out there in the audience, who are just getting familiar. But if you’re watching CryptoDaily, you know what we’re talking about. When you go to crypto parties frequently, those get dropped in your wallet, so maybe another reason you might want to come down?

AA：POAP - 这是观众中的平民的出席证明协议，他们刚刚开始熟悉。但是，如果您正在观看 CryptoDaily，您就会知道我们在说什么。当你经常去参加加密派对时，这些派对会掉进你的钱包里，所以你可能想下来的另一个原因是什么？

Alissa: Very exclusive one tonight, because it’s going to be a POAP of what Daniel does tonight.

Alissa：今晚非常独特，因为它将成为 Daniel 今晚所做的 POAP。

AA: Fabulous, I’m super super excited! Okay so Night Gallery in LA you definitely want to be checking this out. This is one of the premier spaces in Los Angeles and all of us at NFT LA are coming in and touring the space. There are monitors everywhere, but more than that, and that’s what I find different, right? At a lot of these galleries there’s monitors everywhere, where here at Night Gallery the art is actually here too - all around this building, and the art is traditional fine art  - now on the blockchain, now available for anyone around the world to purchase. So ArtMeta.io  - check it out. Alissa, anything else? 

AA：太棒了，我超级超级兴奋！好的，所以洛杉矶的夜间画廊你肯定想看看这个。这是洛杉矶首屈一指的空间之一，我们 NFT “不可替代代币” LA 的所有人都进来参观这个空间。到处都有显示器，但不止于此，这就是我发现的不同之处，对吧？在很多这样的画廊里，到处都有监视器，在夜间画廊，艺术品实际上也在这里——在这座建筑的周围，艺术品是传统的美术——现在在区块链上，现在可供世界各地的任何人购买。所以 ArtMeta.io - 看看吧。艾丽莎，还有别的吗？

Alissa: Well, actually yeah, I also just wanted to mention that it’s really exciting tonight what we’ve done, it is digitized Daniel’s work, so we took three pieces, three of his artworks. One of them comes in seven different items, like all as one art piece, we’ve digitized it that’s what’s behind us right now into seven individual pieces. And what’s exciting about tonight, you can see the Metaverse version of it and you can see the real-life artwork version as well and what the sale of these is going to make happen for the artist is those seven people that buy the artworks or the NFTs that will make it possible for the physical piece to be donated to a publicly accessible cultural institution. 

艾丽莎：嗯，实际上是的，我还想提一下，今晚我们所做的真的很令人兴奋，它是丹尼尔的作品数字化，所以我们拍了三件，三件他的作品。其中一个有七种不同的物品，就像一件艺术品一样，我们已经将它数字化，这就是我们现在落后的七件单独的物品。今晚最令人兴奋的是，你可以看到它的 Metaverse 版本，你也可以看到现实生活中的艺术品版本，而这些艺术品的销售将为艺术家带来什么，那就是那七个购买艺术品的人或NFT 可以将实体作品捐赠给可公开访问的文化机构。

AA: Nice! See, this is what I love about NFTs, right? Crypto is all about the flex and the Lambos and the stripclubs and NFTs is so all about empowerment, social impact and giving people opportunities and spreading the good word. So we’re here at ArtMeta.io’s launch party night, drop-party tonight, at the Night Gallery for NFT LA. POAPs for everybody, show up -  and get your POAP for Daniel  T. Gaitor-Lomack thanks to Night Gallery and ArtMeta.io.

AA：很好！看，这就是我喜欢 NFT 的原因，对吧？加密完全是关于弹性，而 Lambos、脱衣舞俱乐部和 NFT 都是关于赋权、社会影响、给人们机会和传播好消息的。所以我们来到了 ArtMeta.io 的发布派对之夜，今晚的派对，在 NFT LA 的夜间画廊。所有人的 POAP，出现 - 并通过 Night Gallery 和 ArtMeta.io 为 Daniel T. Gaitor-Lomack 获取 POAP。

Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.”

免责声明：本文仅供参考。它不是提供或打算用作法律、税务、投资、财务或其他建议。”

The Article from crypto.com Ends Here. Now we have comments and suggestions for further reading in the understanding of Non-fungible Tokens (NFT’s) from here on.

crypto.com 的文章到此结束。现在我们有意见和建议，以供进一步阅读以了解从这里开始的不可替代代币 (NFT)。

不可替代代币 NFT https://happypeter.github.io/binfo/nft

这节聊一下“不可替代代币”，Non-fungible Tokens ，简称 NFT 。你可能听说过加密猫这样的数字收藏品，那么它们到底是什么呢？为啥值得收藏呢？这些都跟我们这个主题有关。

This section talks about Non-fungible Tokens, or NFT for short. You’ve probably heard of digital collectibles like CryptoKitties, so what exactly are they? Why is it worth collecting? These are all related to our theme.

何为不可替代？

“不可替代”是什么意思呢？

What does “irreplaceable” mean?

先说什么是“可替代”。比如我有一百块钱人民币，你给我换成了另外一张一百元的人民币，对我来说也没什么区别。所以人民币，就是”可替代“的。也可以说，如果一个东西是可替代的，就意味世界上存在跟它完全一样的东西。说到加密货币领域，一个以太币也是这个道理，我的一个以太币，跟你的一个以太币也没啥区别。对于货币，“可替代”其实是一个必要条件，不然怎么参与流通呢？

First of all, what is “alternative”. For example, if I have 100 yuan in RMB, and you exchange it for another 100 yuan, it doesn’t make any difference to me. Therefore, the renminbi is “fungible”. It can also be said that if a thing is fungible, it means that there is something exactly like it in the world. When it comes to the field of cryptocurrency, the same is true for an ether. My ether is no different from yours. For currency, “substitutable” is actually a necessary condition, otherwise how can it participate in circulation?

再说“不可替代”。如果一个东西在世界上是独一无二的，那他就是不可替代的。很多东西其实都是不可替代的，例如一些收藏品，比如毕加索的画。或者我们的火车票，飞机票。加密猫之所以有收藏价值，就是因为每只猫都是不一样的。样子不一样，价格也不一样。

What about “irreplaceable”? If something is unique in the world, it is irreplaceable. Many things are actually irreplaceable, such as some collectibles, such as Picasso’s paintings. Or our train tickets, or plane tickets. The reason why encrypted cats are collectible is because every cat is different. The look is different, the price is different.

所以，NFT 是跟比特币和以太币这些不一样的，每个 token 都是独一无二的。

Therefore, NFT (Non Fungible Token) is different from Bitcoin and Ethereum, and each Non Fungible Token is unique.

ERC721 标准

ERC721 Standard - Read about this at https://education.district0x.io/general-topics/understanding-ethereum/erc-721-tokens/ ERC721 tokens, more commonly referred to as Non-Fungible tokens (NFTs) have captured a lot of developer mindshare since the interface was first published as an EIP in September of 2017. Non-Fungible tokens allow developers to tokenize ownership of any arbitrary data, drastically increasing the design space of what can be represented as a token on the Ethereum blockchain. The biggest differentiator of Non-Fungible tokens is that each one is tied to a different identifier, making each token unique to its owner. in the ERC721 token standard, each token within the contract holds a different value.

再来到加密货币和智能合约语境下，看看 NFT 相关的 ERC721 标准。

Come to the context of cryptocurrencies and smart contracts, and look at the ERC721 standard related to NFT.

先说说 ERC721 这套标准本身。目前发 token 最知名的平台还是以太坊。ERC20 的 token 就是“可替代代币”，同一个合约中发的每个 token 都是相同的。但是 ERC721 是一套用来发 NFT 的标准，每个 token 都是不同的。ERC721 让我们可以持有或者交易 NFT 。NFT 之所以是独一无二的，是因为每个 token 都携带一些独一无二的数据。比如每一个加密猫对应的 token ，都附带着这只猫的 DNA 信息。其他的发 NFT 的标准也有，例如 ERC1155 ，都是在 ERC721 的基础上又做出了改进。

Let’s talk about the ERC721 standard itself. At present, the most well-known platform for issuing tokens is Ethereum. ERC20 tokens are “fungible tokens”, and each token issued in the same contract is the same. But ERC721 is a set of standards for sending NFTs, and each token is different. ERC721 allows us to hold or trade NFTs. NFTs are unique because each token carries some unique data. For example, the token corresponding to each encrypted cat is accompanied by the DNA information of the cat. There are other standards for issuing NFTs, such as ERC1155, which are improved on the basis of ERC721.

那么为何发 NFT 非要有一套标准呢？其实不遵循标准，自己在自己的链上，按照自己的标准当然也能发 NFT 。但是从用户的角度，如果想要同时持有十种 NFT ，就有可能要安装十个 App 了。有了标准，同一个钱包中保存各家的 token ，那么交易起来也方便了。标准统一，上交易所当然也方便了。

So why does NFT have to have a set of standards? In fact, if you don’t follow the standards, you can of course send NFTs on your own chain according to your own standards. But from the user’s point of view, if you want to hold ten NFTs at the same time, you may have to install ten apps. With the standard, the tokens of each company are stored in the same wallet, so the transaction is also convenient. The standard is unified, and it is of course convenient to be listed on the exchange.

当然，NFT 是一个概念，所以不单是以太坊上能发，其他区块链项目也可以去支持 NFT 。关于 ERC721 我们就聊这么多。

Of course, NFT is a concept, so not only can it be issued on Ethereum, but other blockchain projects can also support NFT. We talked so much about ERC721.

可能的用途

Possible Uses of NFT’s

再来说说 NFT 的用途。区块链带来的数据的不可篡改，所有 NFT 可以安全放心的流通了交易了，但是 NFT 究竟有什么实际用途呢？

Let’s talk about the use of NFT. The data brought by the blockchain cannot be tampered with, and all NFTs can safely and securely circulate transactions, but what is the practical use of NFTs?

首先一个明显的领域就是数字收藏品。例如一只加密猫，一个大型游戏中的一件装备，或者一件艺术品。NFT 可以对应一切独特的数字型的收藏品，可以保证这个藏品永远属于某个人。

The first obvious area is digital collectibles. For example, a crypto cat, a piece of equipment in a large game, or a piece of art. NFT can correspond to all unique digital collections, which can guarantee that this collection will always belong to someone.

另外的一个方向就是用 NFT 对应物理世界的存在，例如一件艺术品，一辆车，甚至对对应一个人。就像房子要有房契，独一无二的物理资产的所有权也可以用 NFT 来体现。这样物理资产就数字化了，可以方便流通。

Another direction is to use NFT to correspond to the existence of the physical world, such as a piece of art, a car, or even a person. Just like a house has a deed, the ownership of a unique physical asset can also be reflected in NFT. In this way, physical assets are digitized and can be easily circulated.

更多的可能用途，人们还在探索之中。

More possible uses are still being explored.

总结

Summary

这就是 Peter 对 NFT ，不可替代代币的简单介绍了。总结起来，不可替代代币跟 Bitcoin 以太币，或者 ERC20 token 不一样，每一个都是独一无二，不可替代的。

This is Peter’s brief introduction to NFTs, non-fungible tokens. To sum up, non-fungible tokens are different from Bitcoin Ethereum or ERC20 tokens, each of which is unique and irreplaceable.

参考：Further Reading:

NFTs https://youtu.be/zpROwouRo_M

Non-fungible tokens, or NFTs, have exploded onto the digital art scene this past year. Proponents say they are a way to make digital assets scarce, and therefore more valuable. WSJ explains how they work, and why skeptics question whether they’re built to last. Photo Illustration: Jacob Reynolds/WSJ These Cryptocurrencies Make Owning Memes Possible WSJ Glossary Markets and economics are complex. It’s easy to be overwhelmed by a sea of wonky indicators and lose track of why they matter. This series breaks down the basic terms and ideas that move the markets.

Mike Winkelmann, better known as Beeple, has sold the most expensive digital artwork in history. It’s part of an explosion in the market for NFTs — tokens that prove ownership of things like digital art that you can’t even touch. MORE SO EXPENSIVE VIDEOS: What Makes Blood Plasma So Expensive? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMrMj… Why The Texas Polar Vortex Is So Expensive https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=689nD… How The Tokyo Olympics Became The Most Expensive Summer Games Ever https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7PM4s… https://youtu.be/nTmF26NUZTA

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-fungible_token

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blockchain_game