Queen Elizabeth II 伊丽莎白二世女王

Land of hope and glory, mother of the free, https://youtu.be/Lymc9Jj_E3U
How shall we extol thee, who are born of thee?
Wider still and wider, shall thy bounds be set.
God, who made thee mighty, make thee mightier yet.
God, who made thee mighty, make thee mightier yet.

…………..

Land of hope and glory, mother of the free,
How shall we extol thee, who are born of thee?

Wider still and wider shall thy bounds be set.
God, who made thee mighty, make thee mightier yet.
God, who made thee mighty, make thee mightier yet.

希望与荣耀之地，自由之母，https://youtu.be/Lymc9Jj_E3U
我们如何赞美你，谁是你所生的？
你的界限会越走越宽。
使你强大的上帝，让你更强大。
使你强大的上帝，让你更强大。
这首英国爱国歌曲“希望与荣耀的土地”是我在新加坡珍珠山的小学被教唱的第一首歌曲之一。那是在 1948 年到 1950 年（小学一年级到小学三年级），我 8 到 10 岁。

This British patriotic song “Land of Hope and Glory” is one of the first songs I was taught to sing at my primary school at Pearls Hill, Singapore. That was in the years 1948 to 1950 (Primary 1 to Primary 3) when I was eight to ten years old.

The music of “Land of Hope and Glory” was composed by Edward Elgar and the lyrics was written by A. C. Benson in the year 1901. The words were fitted to the melody on the suggestion of King Edward VII who told Elgar he thought the melody would make a great song. When Elgar was requested to write a work for the King’s coronation, he worked the suggestion into his Coronation Ode, for which he used words provided by the poet A. C. Benson.

《希望与荣耀之地》的音乐由爱德华·埃尔加创作，歌词由 A. C. Benson 于 1901 年作词。根据国王爱德华七世的建议，歌词适合旋律，他告诉埃尔加他认为旋律会做一首好歌。当埃尔加被要求为国王的加冕礼写一部作品时，他将这一建议融入了他的加冕颂歌中，为此他使用了诗人和散文家 A. C. 本森提供的文字。

When I moved to Outram Primary School for my Standard 1 to Standard 5 (At that time, Standard 5 is also named Form 1) classes, we had to sing “God Save the Queen (King, for Standard 1) at every morning’s school assembly when the British flag was raised, Even at Victoria Secondary School (Form 2 to Form 5) I was to sing the same “God Save the Queen” at every start of a day’s schooling too. https://youtu.be/8TMash2w-HY On June 5, 2022. This is when the national anthem “God Save The Queen” plays as Queen Elizabeth II and the first heir to the British throne on the balcony of Buckingham Palace, after the Platinum Jubilee Pageant 2022. On the balcony of Buckingham Palace is Her Majesty, The Queen, Elizabeth II; HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales; Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall; Prince William; Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge; and their 3 children, Prince George, Princess Charlotte, and Prince Louis.

当我搬到欧南小学上Standard 1到Standard 5（当时Standard 5也被称为Form 1）课程时，我们不得不在每天早上的学校集会上唱“God Save the Queen（King，为Standard 1）当英国国旗升起时，即使在维多利亚中学（中二至中五），我每天上学时也要唱同样的“天佑女王”。

Those were the days when I first heard of Queen Elizabeth the Second. At her coronation in the year 1952, helped to decorate the school with the mini union jack flags all round the school grounds. Singapore, then, was a colony of Great Britain and all Singaporeans were British subjects. Little did I realise that that this lady, this Queen, whom I regarded as my Mother (of the Free), my powerful Mother, had so much influence over me. Her dedication to the service of her people, not only those living in the United Kingdom, but also those living throughout the Commonwealth, had been impressive and to me, she became a model of how I should live my life, in the dedication of service to my fellow human beings.

那是我第一次听说伊丽莎白二世女王的日子。在 1952 年的加冕典礼上，我帮助在校园周围用迷你英国国旗装饰学校。那时，新加坡是英联邦的一部分。我几乎没有意识到这位女士，这位我认为是我（自由的）母亲，我强大的母亲的女王对我有如此大的影响。她为她的人民服务的奉献精神令人印象深刻，不仅是为生活在英国的人，还有为生活在英联邦的人。

After Singapore became a Republic and still remained a member of the British Commonwealth, Queen Elizabeth the Second had visited Singapore three times, in the years 1972, 1989 and 2006. She attended events ranging from state banquets hosted by Singapore’s leaders, to meeting up with residents and students in the Toa Payoh residential estate.

新加坡成为共和国后仍然是英联邦成员国，伊丽莎白二世女王曾于 1972 年、1989 年和 2006 年三度访问新加坡。她参加了从新加坡领导人举办的国宴到会见新加坡领导人的各种活动。大巴窑住宅区的居民和学生。

Sadly, the Queen had died peacefully on Thursday, 8th September 2022. She worked until the last minute. Just two days earlier, she smilingly performed her offical duty of asking Conservative Party Leader, Liz Truss, to form the next UK Government. She had reigned over the British Empire for seventy long years - the longest reigning monarch in British history.

可悲的是，女王于 2022 年 9 月 8 日星期四安详地去世。她一直工作到最后一刻。就在两天前，她微笑着履行公职，要求保守党领袖利兹·特拉斯组建下一届英国政府。她统治大英帝国长达七十年——英国历史上在位时间最长的君主。

虚弱的伊丽莎白二世女王要求莉兹·特拉斯组建下届英国政府.

Key Dates in Queen Elizabeth II’s life: Main Source - https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/ng-interactive/2022/sep/08/queen-elizabeth-ii-life-timeline-death

伊丽莎白二世女王一生中的关键日期：主要来源 - https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/ng-interactive/2022/sep/08/queen-elizabeth-ii-life-timeline-death

21st April 1926 - A Queen was born. She was not expected to be the Queen of the future as she was born as the third in line behind her father (later King George VI) and her uncle later King Edward VIII). Her uncle’s children would have preceded her in the succession line had he not given up the throne (abdicated) for the love of his life to an ordinary United States citizen Wallis Simpson - in 1936.

1926 年 4 月 21 日——一位女王诞生了。她没有被期望成为未来的女王，因为她出生时排在她父亲（后来的乔治六世国王）和她的叔叔后来的爱德华八世国王之后的第三顺位继承人。如果他没有在 1936 年将王位（退位）让给一位普通的美国公民瓦利斯·辛普森（Wallis Simpson），她叔叔的孩子们会在继承权上排在她之前。

20th January 1936 - King George V died and Queen Elizabeth II’s uncle became King as King Edward VIII, but he abdicated in 10th December 1936, so that he could marry the American divorcee, Wallis Simpson.

11th December 1936 - Her father, Bertie, the Duke of York, the younger brother of King Edward VIII became King of English as King George VI. She then became the first in line for the throne.

1936 年 1 月 20 日 - 乔治五世国王去世，伊丽莎白二世女王的叔叔继位为爱德华八世国王，但他于 1936 年 12 月 10 日退位，以便与美国离婚的瓦利斯辛普森结婚。
1936 年 12 月 11 日 - 她的父亲，约克公爵伯蒂，爱德华八世国王的弟弟，成为英国国王乔治六世。然后，她成为了王位的第一顺位继承人。

22nd July 1939 - She met up with the love of her life and future husband, Prince Phillip (then Cadet Capt Philip of Greece) at the Royal Dartmouth naval college.

13th October 1940, War time in England (Second World War), Princess Elizabeth made her first broadcast to the nation.

1939 年 7 月 22 日 - 她在皇家达特茅斯海军学院遇到了她生命中的挚爱和未来的丈夫菲利普亲王（当时的希腊军校学生菲利普上尉）。

1940 年 10 月 13 日，英国战争时期（第二次世界大战），伊丽莎白公主首次向全国广播。

4th March 1945: Princess Elizabeth joined the Auxiliary Territorial Service, and learned to drive and to maintain motor vehicles.

Year 1947: Princess Elizabeth made her first official overseas visit, to South Africa, and gave a speech dedicating herself to the service of the Commonwealth. On 20th November that year 1947, Princess Elizebeth married Lt. Philip Mountbatten who was later titled The Duke of Edinburgh.

1945 年 3 月 4 日：伊丽莎白公主加入了辅助领土服务，并学会了驾驶和维修机动车辆。
1947 年：伊丽莎白公主首次正式出访南非，并发表演讲，致力于为英联邦服务。 1947 年 11 月 20 日，伊丽莎白公主与后来被封为爱丁堡公爵的菲利普蒙巴顿中尉结婚。

31st January 1950: Elizabeth and Philip left for a tour of East Africa, Australia and New Zealand. But halfway on the tour, while she was in Kenya (6th February 1952) she heard the news of the death of her father, King George VI and she had to rush back to England. Later, after her coronation as Queen Elizabeth II she visited New Zealand in December 1953 to January 1954.

2nd June 1953: The Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II was the first coronation of a British monarch to be televised on the television for millions in the Commonwealth to witness the event. https://nzhistory.govt.nz/culture/royal-visit-of-1953-54

1950 年 1 月 31 日：伊丽莎白和菲利普前往东非、澳大利亚和新西兰进行访问。但在访问中途，当她在肯尼亚（1952 年 2 月 6 日）时，她听到了她父亲乔治六世国王去世的消息，她不得不赶回英国。后来，在她加冕为伊丽莎白二世女王后，她于 1953 年 12 月至 1954 年 1 月访问了新西兰。
1953 年 6 月 2 日：英国女王伊丽莎白二世的加冕典礼是英国君主的第一次加冕典礼，通过电视转播，英联邦数百万人见证了这一盛事。

24th November 1954: The Royal couple, Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh embarked on a tour of the Commonwealth countries for six months.

21st June 1969: The first broadcast of Royal Family occurred. This was a documentary with unprecedented access to the family’s daily life.

1954 年 11 月 24 日：英国女王伊丽莎白二世和爱丁堡公爵这对皇室夫妇开始了为期六个月的英联邦国家之访问旅。
1969 年 6 月 21 日：《皇室》首次播出。这是一部前所未有地接触到皇室家庭日常生活的纪录片。

February 1974: The Queen’s tour of Australia and Polynesia was interrupted after the prime minister Edward Heath called a snap general election.  She flew back to Britain immediately after hearing the news.

7th June 1977: The Queen’s silver jubilee celebration.  More than a million people lined the streets of London, and a chain of beacons was lit up across the country.

1974 年 2 月：在总理爱德华·希思（Edward Heath）召集提前大选后，女王对澳大利亚和波利尼西亚的访问被中断。她听到这个消息后立即飞回英国。 
1977 年 6 月 7 日：女王银禧庆典。超过 100 万人排在伦敦的街道上，一串灯塔点亮了全国。

29th July 1981: Her son, Prince Charle was married to Diana Frances Spencer and the couple had two sons, William (born 21st June 1982) and Harry (born 15th September 1984).

1981 年 7 月 29 日：她的儿子查尔斯王子与戴安娜·弗朗西斯·斯宾塞结婚，这对夫妇有两个儿子，威廉（1982 年 6 月 21 日出生）和哈里（1984 年 9 月 15 日出生）。

7th June 1992: The first instalment of the serialisation of Andrew Morton’s book, Diana: Her True Story, appeared in the Sunday Times, revealing that Charles and Camilla Parker Bowles continued to have an affair during his marriage to Diana, and that Diana tried to kill herself and had bulimia.

1992 年 6 月 7 日：安德鲁·莫顿 (Andrew Morton) 的书《戴安娜：她的真实故事》连载的第一部分出现在《星期日泰晤士报》上，揭示查尔斯和卡米拉·帕克·鲍尔斯在与戴安娜结婚期间继续有外遇，而戴安娜试图自杀并患有贪食症。

24th November 1992: The Queen gave a speech at Guildhall to mark the 40th anniversary of her accession. In it, she referred to recent events as part of an “annus horribilis” or “a year of disaster and misfortune”.

1992 年 11 月 24 日：女王在市政厅发表演讲，纪念她即位 40 周年。在其中，她将最近发生的事件称为“可怕的一年”或“灾难和不幸的一年”的一部分。

9th December 1992: The prime minister John Major announced in the House of Commons that Charles and Diana are to separate.

1992 年 11 月 24 日：女王在市政厅发表演讲，纪念她即位 40 周年。在其中，她将最近发生的事件称为“可怕的一年”或“灾难和不幸的一年”的一部分。

1996 年 8 月 28 日：查尔斯和戴安娜的婚姻被解除。

28th August 1996: Charles and Diana’s marriage was dissolved.

31st August 1997: Diana died in a car crash in Paris.  The Queen stayed in seclusion for several days, and was heavily criticised in the press for her silence. Then, on the eve of Diana’s funeral, she did a walkabout to meet mourners outside Buckingham Palace and gave a televised address, speaking “as your Queen and as a grandmother” and paying tribute to Diana. “She was an exceptional and gifted human being,” she said. “In good times and bad, she never lost her capacity to smile and laugh, nor to inspire others with her warmth and kindness.”

1997 年 8 月 31 日：戴安娜在巴黎死于车祸。女王隐居了几天，并因沉默而受到媒体的严厉批评。然后，在戴安娜的葬礼前夕，她在白金汉宫外与哀悼者会面，并发表了电视讲话，“以你的女王和祖母的身份”讲话，并向戴安娜致敬。 “她是一个非凡而有天赋的人，”她说。 “无论好坏，她都不会失去微笑和大笑的能力，也不会以她的温暖和善良来激励他人。”

24th November 1998: The Queen’s speech at the opening of parliament announced plans to abolish the traditional rights of 700 hereditary peers to sit and vote in the House of Lords.

1998 年 11 月 24 日：女王在议会开幕式上发表讲话，宣布计划废除 700 名世袭贵族在上议院就坐和投票的传统权利。

2002 年 4 月 30 日：伊丽莎白在议会两院发表演讲，开始了她的金禧庆典。

30th April 2002: Elizabeth launched her golden jubilee celebrations with a speech to both houses of parliament.

9th April 2005: Prince Charles married Camilla Bowles in a civil ceremony at Windsor’s Guildhall. The Queen attended the service of blessing held for the couple at St George’s Chapel.

2005 年 4 月 9 日：查尔斯王子在温莎市政厅举行的民事仪式上与卡米拉鲍尔斯结婚。女王出席了在圣乔治教堂为这对夫妇举行的祝福仪式。

2006 年 4 月 21 日：女王庆祝了她的八十岁生日。十年后的 2016 年 4 月 21 日，她庆祝了自己的九十岁生日。

21st April 2006: The Queen celebrated her eightieth birthday. Ten years later, 21st April 2016, she celebrated her ninetieth birthday.

29th April 2011: Prince William, second in line to the throne, married Catherine Middleton at Westminster Abbey.

2011 年 4 月 29 日：威廉王子，王位第二顺位继承人，在威斯敏斯特教堂与凯瑟琳米德尔顿结婚。

2nd to 5th June 2012: Events took place throughout the country to celebrate Elizabeth’s diamond jubilee, including a pageant of 670 boats sailing along the Thames in London.

2012 年 6 月 2 日至 5 日：全国各地举行了庆祝伊丽莎白钻石禧年的活动，其中包括 670 艘船在伦敦泰晤士河沿岸航行的盛会。

27th July 2012: The Queen opened the London Olympics. In her first acting role, a film showed her leaving Buckingham Palace with James Bond, played by Daniel Craig, and appearing to parachute into the stadium in Stratford, East London. https://youtu.be/1AS-dCdYZbo

2012 年 7 月 27 日：女王为伦敦奥运会开幕。在她的第一个表演角色中，一部电影显示她与丹尼尔克雷格扮演的詹姆斯邦德一起离开白金汉宫，并似乎跳伞进入东伦敦斯特拉特福的体育场。

22nd July 2013: The Duchess of Cambridge gave birth to a son, Prince George, who became the third in line to the throne. https://youtu.be/NdeyyKp7qDI https://youtu.be/ZutmqaiGRrk

2013 年 7 月 22 日：剑桥公爵夫人生下儿子乔治王子，成为王位的第三顺位继承人。

2nd August 2017: Prince Philip, aged 96, retired from his official royal duties as the Queen’s consort, having completed 22,219 solo engagements and made 5,493 speeches since 1952.

20th November 2017: The Queen and Prince Philip celebrated their platinum wedding anniversary after 70 years of marriage. She was the first British monarch to do so.

2017 年 8 月 2 日：现年 96 岁的菲利普亲王从王室王室职责中退休，自 1952 年以来已完成 22,219 次单独活动，并发表了 5,493 次演讲。  
2017 年 11 月 20 日：女王和菲利普亲王在结婚 70 年后庆祝了他们的铂金结婚纪念日。她是第一位这样做的英国君主。

19th May 2018: Prince Harry, sixth in line to the throne, married Meghan Markle at St George’s Chapel, Windsor Castle. https://youtu.be/dxVXerqLKw4

2018 年 5 月 19 日：英国王位第六顺位继承人哈里王子在温莎城堡的圣乔治教堂与梅根马克尔结婚。

20th November 2019: The Queen in effect suspended Prince Andrew from royal duties, by giving him permission to “step back from public duties for the foreseeable future” after intense public reaction to a BBC Newsnight interview about his friendship with the convicted child sex offender Jeffrey Epstein.

2019 年 11 月 20 日：在公众对 BBC 新闻之夜关于他与被定罪的儿童性犯罪者杰弗里的友谊的采访引起强烈反应后，女王实际上暂停了安德鲁王子的王室职责，允许他“在可预见的未来退出公职”爱泼斯坦。

8th January 2020: The Duke and Duchess of Sussex announced that they would step back from their roles in public life as senior members of the royal family, and would divide their time between the UK and North America. The couple confirmed that they would become financially independent and ceased to represent the Queen. They retained their HRH stylings but were not permitted to use them.

19th March 2020: The Queen and Prince Philip moved to Windsor Castle and sequester there as a precaution as the coronavirus hits the UK.  Public engagements were cancelled and Windsor Castle followed the strict sanitary protocol nicknamed ‘HMS Bubble’.

2020 年 1 月 8 日：苏塞克斯公爵和公爵夫人宣布，他们将退出作为王室高级成员在公共生活中的角色，并将在英国和北美之间分配时间。这对夫妇确认他们将在经济上独立并不再代表女王。他们保留了他们的 HRH 样式，但不允许使用它们。
2020 年 3 月 19 日：当冠状病毒袭击英国时，女王和菲利普亲王搬到温莎城堡并在那里隔离，以防万一。公众活动被取消，温莎城堡遵循绰号为“HMS Bubble”的严格卫生协议。

5th April 2020: The Queen gave a rare televised address to the nation, the fifth in her 68-year reign, as an unprecedented lockdown is enforced. The monarch thanks her subjects for following government rules to stay at home, praises key workers, and asks people to “take comfort that while we may have more still to endure, better days will return”. She adds: “We will be with our friends again; we will be with our families again; we will meet again.” The broadcast is watched by an estimated 24 million viewers. https://youtu.be/sAmH36G1Xv8

2020 年 4 月 5 日：女王罕见地向全国发表电视讲话，这是她在位 68 年中的第五次，因为实施了前所未有的封锁。君主感谢她的臣民遵守政府规定呆在家里，赞扬关键工作人员，并要求人们“放心，虽然我们可能还有更多的事情要忍受，但美好的日子总会回来的”。她补充说：“我们将再次与我们的朋友在一起；我们将再次与家人团聚；我们会再见面的。”估计有 2400 万观众观看了该广播。

7th March 2021: In a hotly anticipated interview with Oprah Winfrey, the Duchess of Sussex claims members of the royal family had openly expressed concerns about how dark her son Archie’s skin would be and says they had tried to deny him a royal title. Both Meghan and Prince Harry make a point of praising the Queen and instead direct their criticism at the royal household. Two days later, the Queen issues a statement saying “the issues raised, particularly that of race, are concerning” and that “some recollections may vary”. https://youtu.be/w-gkAM0XZMU

2021 年 3 月 7 日：苏塞克斯公爵夫人在接受奥普拉·温弗瑞 (Oprah Winfrey) 的一次万众期待的采访中称，王室成员曾公开表示担心她儿子阿尔奇的皮肤会有多黑，并表示他们曾试图剥夺他的王室头衔。梅根和哈里王子都特别赞扬了女王，而是将批评指向了王室。两天后，女王发表声明称“提出的问题，特别是种族问题，令人担忧”，并且“有些回忆可能会有所不同”。

9th April 2021: Prince Philip died “peacefully” at the age of 99 at Windsor Castle, two months before his 100th birthday. The Queen, who was at his bedside, described his death as leaving “a huge void” in her life. Philip was the longest-serving royal consort in history. https://youtu.be/peaot0NMBzk

17th April 2021: The funeral of Prince Philip took place at Windsor.  He had indicated his wish for a smaller funeral, though amendments were still made to bring his service in line with Covid regulations, including quarantine for members of his family coming home from abroad.

20th October 2021: The Queen reluctantly cancelled a planned two-day visit to Northern Ireland after advice from her doctors that she should rest.

2021 年 4 月 9 日：菲利普亲王在 100 岁生日前两个月在温莎城堡“和平地”去世，享年 99 岁。站在他床边的女王将他的死描述为在她的生活中留下了“巨大的空白”。菲利普是历史上在位时间最长的王室配偶。
2021 年 4 月 17 日：菲利普亲王的葬礼在温莎举行。他曾表示希望举行一场规模较小的葬礼，但仍进行了修改以使他的服务符合 Covid 规定，包括对从国外回家的家人进行隔离。
2021 年 10 月 20 日：在医生建议她休息后，女王不情愿地取消了原定的北爱尔兰为期两天的访问。

13th January 2022: The Queen further distanced the monarchy from the Duke of York by stripping him of his military affiliations and royal patronages. The palace also said that he would not use the style His Royal Highness in any official capacity. The move meant that Prince Andrew was completely removed from royal life. https://youtu.be/Ht5ScrEKcnY

2022 年 1 月 13 日：女王剥夺了约克公爵的军事隶属关系和王室赞助，进一步拉开了君主制与约克公爵的距离。皇宫还表示，他不会以任何官方身份使用太子殿下的风格。此举意味着安德鲁王子完全脱离了王室生活。

2nd to 5th June 2022: The Queen celebrated her platinum jubilee after a record seventy years on the throne. She crowned the historic celebrations with a last-minute appearance on the balcony of Buckingham Palace, bringing to a close four days of festivities over a bumper bank holiday weekend. In a written message, she said that she was “humbled and deeply touched that so many people have taken to the streets to celebrate”. https://youtu.be/uv06X1hc9X0

2022 年 6 月 2 日至 5 日：女王在位创纪录的七十年后庆祝了她的白金禧年。她在最后一刻出现在白金汉宫的阳台上，为历史性的庆祝活动加冕，在一个丰收的银行假期周末结束了为期四天的庆祝活动。她在书面信息中说，她“为这么多人走上街头庆祝感到谦卑和深受感动”。

6th September 2022: In a break from tradition as a result of her ongoing mobility issues, the Queen appointed the 15th prime minister of her reign, Liz Truss, at Balmoral Castle rather than at Buckingham Palace. The outgoing prime minister, Boris Johnson, also travelled to Scotland to offer his resignation to the Queen. The following day under her doctor’s advice to rest, she postponed a privy council meeting, which she was due to be attend virtually.

2022 年 9 月 6 日：由于流动性问题，女王打破传统，任命她在位的第 15 任首相 Liz Truss 在巴尔莫勒尔城堡而不是白金汉宫任命。即将卸任的首相鲍里斯·约翰逊也前往苏格兰向女王递交辞呈。第二天，在她的医生建议休息下，她推迟了原定虚拟出席的枢密院会议。

8th September 2022: The Queen had died. Long Live the King - King Charles III. https://youtu.be/uWoPCDrhcbA

2022 年 9 月 8 日：女王去世。国王万岁——查理三世国王万岁。

What made ‘Granny’ Queen Elizabeth II special to Royal grandchildren. https://youtu.be/ORwUar2SU8w